Triple Edge

Triple Edge is an Edge type that expresses relationships and attributes in the form (Subject, Property, Object).

Dual Mode Design

Basic mode (4 words): PropCode 0~62 (Top 63 properties)
Extended mode (5 words): When PropCode=63, covers all P-IDs (semantic-aligned 16-bit)

Basic Mode (4 words = 64 bits)

1st WORD (16 bits)
┌────────────────────┬────────────────────┐
│      Prefix        │     PropCode       │
│      10bit         │       6bit         │
└────────────────────┴────────────────────┘

2nd WORD: Edge TID (16 bits)
3rd WORD: Subject TID (16 bits)
4th WORD: Object TID (16 bits)

Field	Bits	Description
Prefix	10	`1100 000 001`
PropCode	6	0~62: Top 63 properties, 63: extended mode
Edge TID	16	TID of this Edge
Subject TID	16	Subject Entity/Node TID
Object TID	16	Object Entity/Node/Quantity TID

Extended Mode (5 words = 80 bits)

When PropCode is 63, a 16-bit P-ID is added in the 3rd word.

1st WORD: [Prefix 10bit] + [PropCode=63 6bit]
2nd WORD: Edge TID (16 bits)
3rd WORD: P-ID semantic-aligned (16 bits)
4th WORD: Subject TID (16 bits)
5th WORD: Object TID (16 bits)

Top 63 Properties (PropCode 0~62)

Properties selected based on Wikidata usage frequency.

Classification/Type (Code 0~7)

Code	P-ID	Property	Description
0	P31	instance of	Instance of ~
1	P279	subclass of	Subclass of ~
2	P361	part of	Part of ~
3	P527	has part	Contains ~
4	P1552	has quality	Attribute/characteristic
5	P460	same as	Identical
6	P1889	different from	Different
7	P156	followed by	Successor

Spatial/Location (Code 8~15)

Code	P-ID	Property	Description
8	P17	country	Country
9	P131	located in	Location (administrative)
10	P276	location	Location (place)
11	P625	coordinate	Coordinates
12	P30	continent	Continent
13	P36	capital	Capital
14	P150	contains	Contains (region)
15	P206	located next to	Adjacent body of water

Time (Code 16~23)

Code	P-ID	Property	Description
16	P569	date of birth	Date of birth
17	P570	date of death	Date of death
18	P571	inception	Date of establishment
19	P576	dissolved	Date of dissolution
20	P577	publication date	Publication date
21	P580	start time	Start time
22	P582	end time	End time
23	P585	point in time	Point in time

Person Basics (Code 24~31)

Code	P-ID	Property	Description
24	P19	place of birth	Place of birth
25	P20	place of death	Place of death
26	P21	sex or gender	Sex or gender
27	P27	citizenship	Citizenship
28	P735	given name	Given name
29	P734	family name	Family name
30	P1559	name in native language	Name in native language
31	P742	pseudonym	Pseudonym/stage name

Relationships/Affiliation (Code 32~39)

Code	P-ID	Property	Description
32	P22	father	Father
33	P25	mother	Mother
34	P26	spouse	Spouse
35	P40	child	Child
36	P3373	sibling	Sibling
37	P463	member of	Member of
38	P108	employer	Employer
39	P1027	conferred by	Conferring institution

Occupation/Activity (Code 40~47)

Code	P-ID	Property	Description
40	P106	occupation	Occupation
41	P39	position held	Position held
42	P69	educated at	Educated at
43	P101	field of work	Field of work
44	P1344	participant in	Participated in (event)
45	P166	award received	Award received
46	P800	notable work	Notable work
47	P1412	languages spoken	Languages spoken

Media/Identification (Code 48~55)

Code	P-ID	Property	Description
48	P18	image	Image
49	P154	logo	Logo
50	P41	flag image	Flag/banner
51	P373	Commons category	Wikimedia Commons
52	P856	official website	Official website
53	P214	VIAF ID	VIAF
54	P227	GND ID	GND
55	P213	ISNI	ISNI

Works/Creative (Code 56~62)

Code	P-ID	Property	Description
56	P50	author	Author
57	P57	director	Director
58	P86	composer	Composer
59	P175	performer	Performer/singer
60	P136	genre	Genre
61	P364	original language	Original language
62	P123	publisher	Publisher

Code 63 is reserved as the extended mode indicator.

PropCode Summary

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  0~7:   Classification/Type (P31, P279, ...)│
│  8~15:  Spatial/Location (P17, P131, ...)   │
│  16~23: Time (P569, P570, ...)              │
│  24~31: Person Basics (P19, P20, ...)       │
│  32~39: Relationships/Affiliation (P22, ...) │
│  40~47: Occupation/Activity (P106, P39, ...)│
│  48~55: Media/Identification (P18, P856, ...)│
│  56~62: Works/Creative (P50, P57, ...)      │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  63: Extended mode indicator                │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Examples

Basic mode: “Apple is a company”

P31 (instance of) → PropCode = 0

Triple Edge:
  1st: [1100 000 001] + [000000]  - Prefix + PropCode 0
  2nd: [TID: 0x0101]              - Edge TID
  3rd: [TID: 0x0010]              - Apple (Subject)
  4th: [TID: 0x0020]              - Company (Object)

Total: 4 words

Extended mode: “The Eiffel Tower is 330m tall”

P2048 (height) → Not in Top 63 → Extended mode

Triple Edge:
  1st: [1100 000 001] + [111111]  - Prefix + Ext(63)
  2nd: [TID: 0x0102]              - Edge TID
  3rd: [0xA800]                   - P2048 semantic-aligned
  4th: [TID: 0x0030]              - Eiffel Tower (Subject)
  5th: [TID: 0x0050]              - 330m Quantity (Object)

Total: 5 words

Parsing

def parse_triple_edge(data: bytes) -> dict:
    word1 = int.from_bytes(data[0:2], 'big')

    prefix = word1 >> 6
    assert prefix == 0b1100000001, "Not Triple Edge"

    prop_code = word1 & 0x3F

    if prop_code < 63:
        # Basic mode (4 words)
        return {
            'mode': 'basic',
            'prop_code': prop_code,
            'edge_tid': int.from_bytes(data[2:4], 'big'),
            'subject_tid': int.from_bytes(data[4:6], 'big'),
            'object_tid': int.from_bytes(data[6:8], 'big'),
            'words': 4
        }
    else:
        # Extended mode (5 words)
        return {
            'mode': 'extended',
            'p_id': int.from_bytes(data[4:6], 'big'),
            'edge_tid': int.from_bytes(data[2:4], 'big'),
            'subject_tid': int.from_bytes(data[6:8], 'big'),
            'object_tid': int.from_bytes(data[8:10], 'big'),
            'words': 5
        }