Group Edge is an Edge type that bundles multiple Nodes into a single group.

Packet Structure

1st WORD (16 bits)
┌───────────────────────┬───────────┐
│        Prefix         │ GroupType │
│        13 bits        │   3 bits  │
└───────────────────────┴───────────┘
  [1100 000 111 000]       [TTT]

2nd WORD: Edge TID (16 bits)
3rd+ WORD: Member TIDs (variable)
Last WORD: Terminator (0x0000)
FieldBitsDescription
Prefix131100 000 111 000
GroupType3Group kind (8 types)
Edge TID16Unique identifier for this Edge
Member TIDs16xNGroup member references
Terminator160x0000

Minimum 4 words (1 member), typical 5~6 words (2~3 members), maximum unlimited.

GroupType (3 bits = 8)

CodeTypeMeaningMember count
000ANDConjunction2+
001ORDisjunction2+
010XORExclusive choice2+
011LISTOrdered list1+
100SETUnordered set1+
101RANGERange (start~end)Exactly 2
110PAIROrdered pairExactly 2
111ExtensionFuture extension-

GroupType Details

AND

All members participate simultaneously. Example: “John and Mary and Bob held a meeting”

OR

One or more members apply (inclusive or). Example: “Order coffee or tea”

XOR

Exactly one member applies (exclusive or). Example: “Pass or fail (one or the other)”

LIST

An ordered list where sequence matters. Used for rankings and sequences. Example: “1st John, 2nd Mary, 3rd Bob”

SET

An unordered set where only membership matters. Example: “Attendees: John, Mary, Bob”

RANGE

A continuous range including values in between. Exactly 2 members (start, end). Example: “From 1 to 10”

PAIR

A simple ordered pair. Exactly 2 members. Used for coordinates, key-value, etc. Example: “Coordinates (3, 5)”

RANGE vs PAIR

TypeMeaningIn-between values
RANGEContinuous rangeIncluded
PAIRSimple pairNone

RANGE [1, 5] → 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (in-between values exist). PAIR [1, 5] → (1, 5) (only two values).

Examples

“John and Mary met”

1. Entity Node: John (TID=0x0001)
2. Entity Node: Mary (TID=0x0002)
3. Group Edge: AND (TID=0x0100)
   1st: [1100 000 111 000] [000] = Prefix + AND
   2nd: [0x0100]                 = Edge TID
   3rd: [0x0001]                 = John
   4th: [0x0002]                 = Mary
   5th: [0x0000]                 = Terminator

4. Verb Edge: meet
   Subject: 0x0100 (group reference)

Total: 5 words

“Coordinates (3, 5)”

1. Quantity Node: 3 (TID=0x0001)
2. Quantity Node: 5 (TID=0x0002)
3. Group Edge: PAIR (TID=0x0100)
   1st: [1100 000 111 000] [110] = Prefix + PAIR
   2nd: [0x0100]
   3rd: [0x0001]                 = First (x)
   4th: [0x0002]                 = Second (y)
   5th: [0x0000]

Total: 5 words

Constraints

GroupTypeMinMax
AND / OR / XOR2Unlimited
LIST / SET1Unlimited
RANGE / PAIR22
  • Member TIDs must reference already-declared Nodes/Edges
  • Self-reference (cycles) is not allowed
  • TID=0x0000 is reserved as the terminator